C++知识点概要.md

C++语言概要

1. 基础数据类型（Fundamental Types）
   • bool
   • char: unsigned char, signed char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, wchar_t
   • integer number: { unsigned | unsigned } { char | short | int | long | long long }
   • float number: float, double, long double
   • pointer
   • reference: lvalue reference, rvalue reference
   • C-style array
2. function
   • parameter: pass by value, pass by pointer, pass by lvalue reference, pass by rvalue reference
   • return: return by value, return by pointer, return by lvalue reference, return by rvalue reference
   • function overload
   • template function
   • lambda function
   • function object:functor
3. enum, enum class
4. struct and class
   • class define and implement
     • data member
       • static data member
       • const data member
       • constexpr data member
     • member function
     • static member function
       • constexpr static member function
     • instance member function
       • const, non-const
       • lvalue reference, rvalue reference
       • constructor
         • default constructor
       • 5 specific member function
         • copy constructor
         • copy assignment operator
         • move constructor
         • move assignment operator
         • destructor
   • inherit class
   • abstract class
   • template class: virtual function and override
5. STL
   • container: array, vector, list, deque, set, map, unordered_map, unordered_set, stack, queue
   • smart pointer: shared_ptr, unique_ptr, week_ptr
   • algorithm: find, sort, insert, remove
6. standard library

common problem

1. memory manager and RAII
   • smart pointer
   • object pool
   • custom memory allocator
2. value sematic
3. object sematic
4. concurrent and parallel
   • sync sematic: mutex, semaphore, atomic
   • memory model: memory_order_acquire, memory_order_release, memory_order_acquire_release, memory_order_relaxed
   • threading
   • process

design pattern

1. singleton pattern
2. factory, factory method, abstract factory
3. observer pattern
4. strategy pattern